Al-IDGHAM(NOON SAKINAH)

Tajweed Course for beginner Part-5

Al-IDGHAM(NOON SAKINAH) الإدغام

Idghaam means the insertion or merging.
IDGHAM in Tajweed: The meeting of a non-voweled letter with a voweled letter so that the two letters become one emphasized letter of the second type.

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Looking at the example:

( انْنَ ) will not be written as such.
The letter ( ْن ) accompanied with a sukun ( ْن ) is merged into the next letter ( َن ) which is accompanied with a fatha), so they will become one (i.e. as the second letter).

A shadda indicates that the merging has taken place so the word will be written as ( ًان )

Remember: The rule of idghaam is applied to nun sakin only.

Idghaam Letters:

There are six letters of Idghaam which are collected in the word يََََرََََمََََلََََوََََنَ ) ر م ل و ن ي )

Types of Idghaam:

1– Idghaam with Ghunnah م – ن – و – ى

2- Idghaam without Ghunnah ل – ر

Idghaam with Ghunnah م – ن – و – ى

During recitation, when nun sakin or tanween is followed by any letter from this group, then the nun sakin will be merged into the second letter and be pronounced with ghunna – the ghunna will be held for two counts.

This is called half idghaam (idghaam with ghunna)

Example : ( مَن يٌَقُولُ ) will not be pronounced as ‘man yakulu’.
If we separate the letters, it would be مَن يْ يَ قُولُ
The nun sakin merges with the ya fatha and becomes the second letter. The word will be read as ‘may yakulu’ The ghunna will be held for two counts on the ‘y’.

Practice reciting the following words holding the ghunna for 2 counts.

Idghaam without Ghunnah ل – ر

During recitation, when nun sakin or tanween is followed by any letter from this group, then the nun sakin will be totally omitted and the second letter will be pronounced with a shadda and without ghunna.

This is called full idghaam (idghaam without ghunna)

Example : ( مِن رَّسُولٍ ) will not be pronounced as ‘min rasulin’.
If we separate the letters, it would be مِنْ رْ رَ سُولٍ
The nun sakin is omitted or cancelled completely and the letter that follows it, will be:

Pronounced with a shadda and without ghunna…
The word will be read as ‘mir rasulin ’.
There will be no ghunna (nasal) sound.

Practice and recite the following words – with no ghunna (no nasal sound).

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Note: the Noon Saakin or the Tanween and the Idgham letter have to be in two different words, otherwise the reader is not Supposed to do Idghaam. In this case it will be Izhaar Motlaq ( أظهار مطلق ) and this case can be found only in Four words in Quran صنوانَ ،َ قنوانَ ،َ بنٌيانَ،َ الدنٌيا

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