1-Ordinary& extraordinary& perfect Fasting:
Fasting is not of one degree, rather it is of degrees, so not everyone who abstains from material things that break the fast has come to mean fasting; the reality of fasting is above this, which is abstaining from spiritual things that break the fast. And for this meaning, Al-Ghazali made it three degrees.
Know that fasting has three degrees: ordinary, extraordinary, and perfect. Ordinary fasting, on the other hand, prevents the stomach and private parts from fulfilling lust.
In terms of extraordinary fasting, the fast of the chosen few cleanses the ears, eyes, tongue, hands, feet, and all other senses of sin.
As for the perfect fasting, the fast of the elite is the fasting of the heart from worldly attributes and worldly thoughts, and abstaining from anything but Allah Almighty. Breaking this fasting by thinking of anything and preoccupation with anything other than Allah Almighty.
2- How to do the extraordinary fasting that is the fasting of the righteous as follows:
First: He lowered his gaze and stopped looking at everything that was hated and not permissible. It is obligatory to lower the gaze from looking at all that one is prohibited from looking at, and at whatever is feared to lead to Fitnah.
Second: Keeping the tongue from lying, backbiting, gossiping, and preoccupation with the remembrance of Allah Almighty and the recitation of the Quran. First, speak much without mentioning Allah, for much talk without mention of Allah produces a hardness of the heart.
Third: Stopping listening to everything that is bad. The backbiter and the listener are partners in sin.
Fourth: Etiquette is not to sleep too much during the day until he feels hungry or thirsty, and to control your desires. And if anyone slanders him or quarrels with him, he should say: “I am fasting. I am fasting.” As in Hadith: “Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported:
When any one of you gets up in the morning in the state of fasting, he should neither use obscene language nor do any act of ignorance. And if anyone slanders him or quarrels with him, he should say:” I am fasting, I am fasting.” (Sahih Muslim)
Fifth: The custom continued that all foods should be stored up for Ramadan, and foods in them would be eaten that would not be eaten in others. If the stomach is prevented from mid-day until dinner until its desires are agitated and its desires are strong, then it is satisfied, its pleasure increases, its strength is doubled, and desires are raised from what they were stagnant.
The spirit of fasting and its secret weaken the powers that are Satan’s means of return to evil, and this will only happen by reducing them, which is that he eats the food that he used to eat every night if he did not fast. But if he combines what he eats during the day with what he eats at night, then he does not benefit from his fast.
Finally:
And with knowledge, fasting is not to one degree, but different degrees and this heart is the fasting of the hearts and other parts (ears, eyes, tongue, hands, feet) from everything that does not please Allah Almighty in actions and words, the least of which is fasting from food and drink. So, there is a difference between them.
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